ORAL HYGIENE FOR AUTISTIC INDIVIDUALS WITH SENSORY CONSIDERATIONS

Maintaining good oral hygiene is crucial for overall health and well-being. For individuals on the autism spectrum, it is essential to address their unique sensory sensitivities and communication challenges, when it comes to dental care. By understanding and adapting oral hygiene practices to suit their needs, we can help autistic individuals achieve optimal dental health, while ensuring a positive and comfortable experience. In this article, we will explore some practical strategies and tips to promote effective oral hygiene for autistic people.

BRUSHING UP : MAINTAINING OVERALL HEALTH AND WELL-BEING FOR INDIVIDUALS ON THE AUTISM SPECTRUM

SENSORY CONSIDERATIONS:

Many autistic individuals have sensory sensitivities that can make dental care challenging. The sounds, tastes, and sensations associated with brushing, flossing, and dental visits can be overwhelming. To ease discomfort and encourage cooperation, consider the following:

Use a soft-bristled toothbrush with softer bristles to minimize sensory stimulation and potential discomfort.

Experiment with flavors and textures. Offer a variety of toothpaste flavors to find one that is more appealing. Some individuals may prefer milder tastes or non-mint flavors. Additionally, explore different toothpaste textures, such as gels or foams, which can make the experience more comfortable.

Gradually desensitize. Introduce oral care activities gradually, starting with short sessions and gradually increase the duration, as the individual becomes more accustomed to the sensations.

Provide sensory toys. Fidget spinners, textured balls, etc. can help relax the individual during a dental visit. 

VISUAL SUPPORTS AND SOCIAL STORIES:

Visual supports and social stories can be effective tools for teaching and reinforcing oral hygiene routines. These tools help autistic individuals understand the steps involved and what to expect, reducing anxiety and promoting independence. Consider the following:

Create visual schedules or stepby-step guides, using pictures or written instructions to illustrate the oral hygiene routine. This visual support can help individuals follow the steps independently and understand the sequence of activities. 

Develop social stories that describe the dental care experience in a narrative format. Include information about what happens during a dental visit, the importance of oral hygiene, and positive outcomes resulting from regular dental care. These stories can help reduce anxiety and increase cooperation.

POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT AND REWARDS:

Positive reinforcement and rewards can motivate autistic individuals to engage in oral hygiene practices consistently. Tailor the rewards to their specific interests and preferences. Consider the following:

Token systems: Implement a token or reward system, where individuals earn tokens or points for completing each step of their oral hygiene routine. Accumulated tokens can be exchanged for preferred rewards or activities

Visual progress charts: Create a visual chart to track their progress over time. Mark each successful completion of oral care activities, providing a visual representation of their achievements.

By understanding the sensory sensitivities and unique needs of autistic individuals, we can develop tailored strategies to promote effective oral hygiene and make dental visits less anxiety producing. Employing sensory considerations, visual supports, and positive reinforcement can make oral care and dental visits more sensory-friendly, comfortable and engaging. With patience, consistency, and a person-centered approach, we can empower autistic individuals to maintain optimal oral health. •

ABOUT THE AUTHOR:

Scott Ruvo, DDS graduated from University of Illinois Chicago Dental School and has been in private practice in Sparta NJ for over 25 years. Dr. Ruvo is an attending at the Morristown Hospital Dental clinic where he enjoys teaching residents. He is an active member of the American Dental Association and is a Trustee in the New Jersey Dental Association. Dr. Ruvo grew up and lives in Sussex County, where he enjoys fishing, hiking, biking and photography, with his wife and two children.