have a broad range of concurrent mental and physical health conditions that need care and require all clinicians to be prepared to serve them – not just specialists. The majority with I/DD never receives Medicaid and are too often left to fend for themselves in an intimidating maze of public and private benefits and programs.

I came to two realizations. The first was that my lack of professional preparation, knowledge, faulty assumptions, and resulting bias made me rather typical of most general healthcare leaders, which implied that we need broad culture change in healthcare. The second was that, as a country, we have lots of experience from other areas of healthcare that we can draw on for solving the types of system failures I observed in I/DD care.

INSPIRED TO SEEK CHANGE

After a year of conversations with disability experts, self-advocates, and healthcare colleagues (many of whom have affected family members), I felt inspired to start a new nonprofit organization – Institute for Exceptional Care (ie-care.org) – to transform healthcare for people with I/DD so they can thrive. Despite the pandemic and the havoc of a Presidential election year, we successfully stood up IEC in late 2020.

IEC takes a structured approach to system change. We know from our broader healthcare experience that true transformation requires building a movement, both inside and outside healthcare, that shifts the cultural perspective, creates an inspiring vision, and generates demand and momentum for improvement.

Transformation also requires making change at multiple levels: on the ground with front-line service providers, affected people, and caregivers; at the industry level, with the development of tech

nical tools that multiple organizations can use for important functions like measuring the quality of care or setting appropriate budgets for services; and at the level of policymaking, to set national standards and drive key stakeholders to action through public leadership and thoughtful incentives.

We focus on three core areas in the system that need dramatic improvement – Smarter Coverage, Stronger Connections, and Better Care.

"Even with all that background, the phenomenon of I/DD was in my house, and still I had been largely unaware of how families with I/DD live until we experienced it personally – the burden of managing a fragmented network of providers, the challenge of even finding qualified ones, the sense of "forever seeking" the solutions to our problems."