1.0 INTRODUCTION

Defined as any plant species that has been introduced and exerts substantial negative impact on native biota, wildlife habitats, economic values, or human health (Lodge et al. 2006), invasive plants are an increased threat to London ecosystems, economy, and social and recreational environments. As many invasive plant species lack natural enemies, they can out-compete colonies of important native vegetation, negatively altering existing ecosystem function and recreational enjoyment.

Invasive species are the second most significant cause of species extinctions worldwide, after habitat loss (IUCN, 2014). The ecological effects of invasive species can be irreversible and, once established, they are difficult and costly to control.

A survey conducted in 2012 by the OIPC with the Invasive Species Centre (ISC), the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (MNRF) and the Ontario Federation of Anglers and Hunters (OFAH) identified that many municipalities face significant challenges with regards to invasive plant management. Policy 1417 of the London Plan states that “The City will encourage rehabilitation and enhancement measures that protect the ecological function and integrity of the Natural Heritage System.” The City of London will continue to lead and set an example for other municipalities in Ontario to create a comprehensive invasive plant management strategy that follows the principals identified in “Creating an Invasive Plant Management Strategy: A Framework for Ontario Municipalities” by the OIPC (March 2015). Establishing a city-wide strategic plan with specific attention drawn to ESAs, wetlands, significant woodlands, and the Thames Valley Corridor, recognized by the City as “its most important natural, cultural, recreational and aesthetic resource (Policy 122, London Plan, December 2016), will be a crucial step towards achieving this goal for the

City of London.